A Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) may affect any component of your urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The bladder and urethra are the most commonly infected parts of the urinary tract.
UTI occurs when the body is unable to flush out bacteria before it reaches the bladder, through urination. The bacteria commonly involved in UTIs are escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, enterococcus faecalis, staphylococcus saprophyticus, and klebsiella pneumoniae. Some cases of UTIs may also be caused by fungi and in rare cases by viruses.
Symptoms:
The symptoms of a urinary tract infection vary depending on which segment of the urinary system is affected. Some common symptoms include burning with urination, increased frequency and urgency of urination, bloody or cloudy urine, strong odor of urine, nausea, fever, chills, vomiting and pelvic pain (in women) or rectal pain (in men).
Risk Factors:
A UTI can affect people of any age or gender. However, women are more likely than men to get a urinary tract infection. Other factors that make people more susceptible to UTI includes people who are sexually active, having diabetes or previous UTIs, kidney stones, using catheter for a long time and poor hygiene.
Prevention or Management:
A person can take a number of steps to lower their chances of acquiring a UTI by drinking 6–8, 8-ounce glasses of water per day, urinating after sex, emptying the bladder completely and keeping your genitals clean.
Complications:
A bladder infection can be both painful and inconvenient but if it spreads through the kidneys, it might have significant implications. It is important to treat UTIs earlier. Untreated UTIs can become more and more severe, sometimes leading to the infection entering the blood circulation which results in sepsis.